Convective heat transport describes the heat energy transported by the groundwater movement itself. The convective heat flow jk is therefore the heat energy that is transported per unit of time across a cross-sectional area A perpendicular to the direction of flow. Taking into account the distance velocity v, the convective heat flow can be described as follows:

With:

j_k = convective heat flow [W]

c_w = specific heat capacity of the fluid [Ws/(kg K) = J/(kg K)]

ρ_w = density of the fluid [kg/m³]

A = cross-section of flow [m²]

v = distance velocity [m/s]

T = temperature [K]

Heat conduction